Local Anesthetic Pharmaceutical Grade Steroids Bupivacaine Hydrochloride

 

Anesthesia, local- Proparacaine and tetracaine are indicated to produce local anesthesia of short duration for ophthalmic procedures including measurement of intraocular pressure, removal of foreign bodies and sutures, and conjunctival and corneal scraping in diagnosis and gonioscopy.

 

 

Proparacaine hydrochloride and tetracaine are also indicated to produce local anesthesia prior to

surgical procedures such as cataract extraction and pterygium excision, usually as an adjunct to locally injected anesthetics. Ophthalmic solutions used for intraocular procedures should be preservative-free.

Preservatives may cause damage to the corneal epithelium if a significant quantity of solutionenters the eye through the incision.

 

Abstract

Fluorescent probe techniques were used to evaluate the effect of bupivacaine·HCl on the physical properties (transbilayer asymmetric lateral and rotational mobilities, annular lipid fluidity and protein distribution) of synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMVs) isolated from bovine cerebral cortex. An experimental procedure was used based on selective quenching of both 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl)propane (Py-3-Py) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) by trinitrophenyl groups, and radiationless energy transfer (RET) from the tryptophans of membrane proteins to Py-3-Py.

Bupivacaine·HCl increased the bulk lateral and rotational mobilities, and annular lipid fluidity in SPMVs lipid bilayers, and had a greater fluidizing effect on the inner monolayer than that of the outer monolayer. The magnitude of increasing effect on annular lipid fluidity in SPMVs lipid bilayer induced by bupivacaine·HCl was significantly far greater than magnitude of increasing effect of the drug on the lateral and rotational mobilities of bulk SPMVs lipid bilayer. It also caused membrane proteins to cluster. These effects of bupivacaine·HCl on neuronal membranes may be responsible for some, though not all, of the local anesthetic actions of bupivacaine·HCl.

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